Vers une théorie du 'flow' autistique : une approche conceptuelle non pathologisante
Ajouté le 30/06/2024
Article de revue du type Développement théorique ( ; anglais)
*Trois co-auteur·rices sont sur le spectre de l'autisme. [En savoir plus sur cette mention]
Les états de 'flow' sont des moments accrus de concentration, de motivation et de plaisir, conduisant à une absorption totale dans le moment présent. Il existe un parallèle frappant entre les états de 'flow' et les récits phénoménologiques de la vie quotidienne des autistes. Nous analysons les composantes de la théorie du 'flow' ainsi que les récits autobiographiques autistiques pour explorer les similitudes et les différences, progressant ainsi vers une compréhension de la théorie du 'flow' autistique. Nous soulignons les considérations et les opportunités que cela pourrait représenter pour la recherche future sur l'autisme, en particulier l'avantage que cela offre une approche non pathologisante de la recherche sur l'autisme, une approche qui aide à expliquer le comportement contextualisé (c'est-à-dire l'alignement entre la situation et ce qui se passe dans son propre esprit). En nous appuyant sur des récits autobiographiques de personnes autistes, nous décrivons quatre principes : (1) les personnes autistes sont particulièrement bien placées pour découvrir et gérer le 'flow' ; (2) le 'flow' autistique peut s'écarter qualitativement des modèles de 'flow' traditionnels ; (3) les difficultés à maintenir et à sortir du 'flow' pour les personnes autistes mettent en évidence la nécessité d'examiner les transitions vers et hors du 'flow' ; et (4) les contraintes internes et externes au 'flow' mettent en évidence qu'il existe un potentiel autistique non réalisé encore à découvrir. Les implications d'une théorie du 'flow' autistique sont discutées en termes de comment elle peut impacter (a) notre compréhension conceptuelle de l'autisme en fournissant des explications alternatives aux phénomènes étudiés précédemment, et (b) comment nous construisons des environnements favorables aux personnes autistes qui permettent au 'flow' de s'épanouir à travers des contextes de pratique éducative, de bien-être et de recherche.
Flow states are heightened moments of concentration, motivation and enjoyment, leading to total absorption in the present moment. A striking parallel exists between flow states and phenomenological accounts of autistic daily life. We analyse the components of flow theory alongside autistic autobiographical accounts to explore similarities and differences, in doing so moving toward an understanding of autistic flow theory. We highlight the considerations and opportunities this may hold for future autism research, in particular the advantage that this offers a non-pathologising approach to researching autism, one which helps to explain contextualised behaviour (i.e., alignment between the situation and what is happening in one's mind). Drawing on autistic autobiographical accounts, we outline four principles: (1) autistic people are uniquely placed to discover and manage flow; (2) autistic flow may qualitatively diverge from traditional models of flow; (3) difficulties maintaining and exiting flow for autistic people highlight a need to examine transitions into and out of flow; and, (4) internal and external constraints to flow highlight there is unrealised autistic potential yet to be discovered. The implications of an autistic flow theory are discussed in terms of how it can impact (a) our conceptual understanding of autism providing alternative explanations to previously researched phenomena, and (b) how we build enabling environments for autistic people that allow flow to flourish across educational practice, wellbeing and research contexts.
Pour information:
(1) les références en bleu sont des ressources référencées sur notre site;
(2) les auteur·rices repris dans cette bibliographie dont le nom est en couleur ont publié d'autres ressources référencées sur le site. Cliquer sur le nom permet de voir la listes des ressources publiées et partagées sur le site;
(3) les auteur·rices dont le nom est suivi d'une astérisque ont publiquement divulgué être autistes. [En savoir plus sur cette mention]
-
S. Au-Yeung, L. Bradley, A. Robertson, R. Shaw, S. Baron-Cohen, S. Cassidy (2018). "Experience of mental health diagnosis and perceived misdiagnosis in autistic, possibly autistic and non-autistic adults". Autism 23. doi:10.1177/1362361318818167
-
D. Bolis, J. Balsters, N. Wenderoth, C. Becchio, L. Schilbach (2017). "Beyond Autism: Introducing the Dialectical Misattunement Hypothesis and a Bayesian Account of Intersubjectivity". Psychopathology 50. doi:10.1159/000484353
-
K. Bottema‐Beutel, S. Kapp*, J. Lester, N. Sasson, B. Hand (2020). "Avoiding Ableist Language: Suggestions for Autism Researchers". Autism in Adulthood: Challenges and Management 3. doi:10.1089/aut.2020.0014
-
R. Brewer, F. Biotti, C. Catmur, C. Press, F. Happé, R. Cook, G. Bird (2015). "Can Neurotypical Individuals Read Autistic Facial Expressions? Atypical Production of Emotional Facial Expressions in Autism Spectrum Disorders". Autism Research 9. doi:10.1002/aur.1508
-
L. Ceja, J. Navarro (2012). "'Suddenly I get into the zone': Examining discontinuities and nonlinear changes in flow experiences at work". Human Relations 65. doi:10.1177/0018726712447116
-
L. Chapman, K. Rose, L. Hull, W. Mandy (2022). "'I want to fit in… but I don't want to change myself fundamentally': A qualitative exploration of the relationship between masking and mental health for autistic teenagers". Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2022.102069
-
R. Chapman* (2021). "Neurodiversity and the Social Ecology of Mental Functions". Perspectives on Psychological Science 16. doi:10.1177/1745691620959833
-
R. Chapman* (2020). "The reality of autism: On the metaphysics of disorder and diversity". Philosophical Psychology 33. doi:10.1080/09515089.2020.1751103
-
R. Chapman* (2019). "Autism as a Form of Life: Wittgenstein and the Psychological Coherence of Autism". Metaphilosophy doi:10.1111/META.12366
-
C. Chevallier, G. Kohls, V. Troiani, E. Brodkin, R. Schultz (2012). "The social motivation theory of autism". Trends in Cognitive Sciences 16. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.02.007
-
L. Crane, L. Goddard, L. Pring (2009). "Sensory processing in adults with autism spectrum disorders". Autism 13. doi:10.1177/1362361309103794
-
C. Crompton, S. Hallett*, D. Ropar, E. Flynn, S. Fletcher‐Watson (2019). "'I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people': A thematic analysis of autistic adults' relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family". Autism 24. doi:10.1177/1362361320908976
-
C. Crompton, D. Ropar, C. Evans-Williams, E. Flynn, S. Fletcher‐Watson (2019). "Autistic peer-to-peer information transfer is highly effective". Autism 24. doi:10.1177/1362361320919286
-
M. Csíkszentmihályi (2014). "Flow and the Foundations of Positive Psychology". doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8
-
J. Davies, B. Heasman, A. Livesey, A. Walker, E. Pellicano, A. Remington (2022). "Autistic adults' views and experiences of requesting and receiving workplace adjustments in the UK". PLoS ONE 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0272420
-
K. Dunn, E. Rydzewska, C. Macintyre, J. Rintoul, S. Cooper (2018). "The prevalence and general health status of people with intellectual disabilities and autism co‐occurring together: a total population study". Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 63. doi:10.1111/jir.12573
-
A. Dupuis, P. Mudiyanselage, C. Burton, P. Arnold, J. Crosbie, R. Schachar (2022). "Hyperfocus or flow? Attentional strengths in autism spectrum disorder". Frontiers in Psychiatry 13. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.886692
-
R. Edey, J. Cook, R. Brewer, M. Johnson, G. Bird, C. Press (2016). "Interaction takes two: Typical adults exhibit mind-blindness towards those with autism spectrum disorder.". Journal of abnormal psychology doi:10.1037/ABN0000199
-
S. Engeser (2012). "Advances in Flow Research". doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-2359-1
-
K. Gillespie-Lynch, S. Kapp*, P. Brooks, J. Pickens, B. Schwartzman (2017). "Whose Expertise Is It? Evidence for Autistic Adults as Critical Autism Experts". Frontiers in Psychology 8. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00438
-
C. Goodall (2018). "'I felt closed in and like I couldn't breathe': A qualitative study exploring the mainstream educational experiences of autistic young people". Autism & Developmental Language Impairments 3. doi:10.1177/2396941518804407
-
B. Hackert, A. Lumma, T. Raettig, B. Berger, U. Weger (2022). "Towards a re‐conceptualization of flow in social contexts". Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour doi:10.1111/jtsb.12362
-
L. Hamilton, S. Petty (2023). "Compassionate pedagogy for neurodiversity in higher education: A conceptual analysis". Frontiers in Psychology 14. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093290
-
F. Happé, U. Frith (2020). "Annual Research Review: Looking back to look forward - changes in the concept of autism and implications for future research.". Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines doi:10.1111/jcpp.13176
-
F. Happé, R. Booth, R. Charlton, C. Hughes* (2006). "Executive function deficits in autism spectrum disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Examining profiles across domains and ages". Brain and Cognition 61. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2006.03.004
-
B. Heasman, L. Parfitt (2023). "Theoretical problems with oversimplifying autistic diversity into a single category". Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour doi:10.1111/jtsb.12388
-
B. Heasman, A. Gillespie (2018). "Neurodivergent intersubjectivity: Distinctive features of how autistic people create shared understanding". Autism 23. doi:10.1177/1362361318785172
-
B. Heasman, A. Gillespie (2017). "Perspective-taking is two-sided: Misunderstandings between people with Asperger's syndrome and their family members". Autism 22. doi:10.1177/1362361317708287
-
D. Hubbard, D. Faso, P. Assmann, N. Sasson (2017). "Production and perception of emotional prosody by adults with autism spectrum disorder". Autism Research 10. doi:10.1002/aur.1847
-
H. De Jaegher (2013). "Embodiment and sense-making in autism". Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience 7. doi:10.3389/fnint.2013.00015
-
E. Jones, M. Hanley, D. Riby (2020). "Distraction, distress and diversity: Exploring the impact of sensory processing differences on learning and school life for pupils with autism spectrum disorders". Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101515
-
S. Kapp*, K. Gillespie-Lynch, L. Sherman, T. Hutman (2013). "Deficit, difference, or both? Autism and neurodiversity.". Developmental psychology doi:10.1037/a0028353
-
K. MacLennan, C. Woolley, E. Andsensory, B. Heasman, J. Starns, B. George, C. Manning (2022). "'It Is a Big Spider Web of Things': Sensory Experiences of Autistic Adults in Public Spaces.". Autism in adulthood : challenges and management doi:10.1089/aut.2022.0024
-
K. Markram, H. Markram (2010). "The Intense World Theory – A Unifying Theory of the Neurobiology of Autism". Front Hum Neurosci, 4. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2010.00224
-
M. Andreina Mendez, B. Oakley, R. Canitano, A. San José-Cáceres, M. Tinelli, M. Knapp, J. Cusack*, M. Parellada, P. Violland, J. Derk Plas, R. Canal-Bedia, Á. Bejarano-Martín, D. Murphy, V. Quoidbach, C. Arango (2023). "Autism care pathway in Europe". European Psychiatry 66. doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2435
-
D. Milton* (2017). "Zen and the art of aut-ethnography: a tribute to Robert M. Pirsig". Disability & Society 32. doi:10.1080/09687599.2017.1368889
-
D. Milton*, T. Sims (2016). "How is a sense of well-being and belonging constructed in the accounts of autistic adults?". Disability & Society 31. doi:10.1080/09687599.2016.1186529
-
D. Milton* (2014). "Autistic expertise: A critical reflection on the production of knowledge in autism studies". Autism 18. doi:10.1177/1362361314525281
-
D. Milton* (2012). "On the ontological status of autism: the 'double empathy problem'". Disability & Society 27. doi:10.1080/09687599.2012.710008
-
P. Mitchell, E. Sheppard, S. Cassidy (2021). "Autism and the double empathy problem: Implications for development and mental health.". The British journal of developmental psychology doi:10.1111/bjdp.12350
-
K. Morrison, K. DeBrabander, D. Jones, D. Faso, R. Ackerman, N. Sasson (2019). "Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners". Autism 24. doi:10.1177/1362361319892701
-
D. Murray*, M. Lesser, W. Lawson* (2005). "Attention, monotropism and the diagnostic criteria for autism". Autism 9. doi:10.1177/1362361305051398
-
M. Oliver (2013). "The social model of disability: thirty years on". Disability & Society 28. doi:10.1080/09687599.2013.818773
-
J. Perner, D. Kloo, E. Gornik (2007). "Episodic memory development: theory of mind is part of re‐experiencing experienced events". Infant and Child Development 16. doi:10.1002/ICD.517
-
S. Power, T. Zittoun, S. Akkerman, B. Wagoner, M. Cabra, F. Cornish, H. Hawlina, B. Heasman, K. Mahendran, C. Psaltis, A. Rajala, A. Veale, A. Gillespie (2023). "Social Psychology of and for World-Making". Personality and Social Psychology Review 27. doi:10.1177/10888683221145756
-
V. Preedy, R. Watson (2010). "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders". doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78665-0_5485
-
H. Rapaport, H. Clapham*, J. Adams*, W. Lawson*, K. Porayska-Pomsta, E. Pellicano (2023). "'In a State of Flow': A Qualitative Examination of Autistic Adults' Phenomenological Experiences of Task Immersion". Autism in Adulthood doi:10.1089/aut.2023.0032
-
H. Rapaport, H. Clapham*, J. Adams*, W. Lawson*, K. Porayska-Pomsta, E. Pellicano (2023). "'I live in extremes': A qualitative investigation of Autistic adults' experiences of inertial rest and motion". Autism 28. doi:10.1177/13623613231198916
-
A. Robertson, D. Simmons (2015). "The Sensory Experiences of Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Analysis". Perception 44. doi:10.1068/p7833
-
K. Runswick-Cole (2014). "'Us' and 'them': the limits and possibilities of a 'politics of neurodiversity' in neoliberal times". Disability & Society 29. doi:10.1080/09687599.2014.910107
-
G. Russell, S. Kapp*, D. Elliott, C. Elphick, R. Gwernan-Jones, C. Owens (2019). "Mapping the Autistic Advantage from the Accounts of Adults Diagnosed with Autism: A Qualitative Study". Autism in Adulthood 1. doi:10.1089/aut.2018.0035
-
H. Sawaya, M. McGonigle-Chalmers, I. Kusel (2019). "Identifying set-switching difficulties in autism spectrum disorder using a rule following task". International Journal of Developmental Disabilities 67. doi:10.1080/20473869.2019.1580473
-
E. Schegloff (1992). "Repair After Next Turn: The Last Structurally Provided Defense of Intersubjectivity in Conversation". American Journal of Sociology 97. doi:10.1086/229903
-
H. Steinhausen, H. Steinhausen, H. Steinhausen, C. Jensen, M. Lauritsen (2016). "A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the long‐term overall outcome of autism spectrum disorders in adolescence and adulthood". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 133. doi:10.1111/acps.12559
-
G. Stoet, B. López (2011). "Task-switching abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder". European Journal of Developmental Psychology 8. doi:10.1080/17405629.2010.492000
-
L. Tickle-Degnen, R. Rosenthal (1990). "The Nature of Rapport and Its Nonverbal Correlates". Psychological Inquiry 1. doi:10.1207/S15327965PLI0104_1
-
C. Welch, D. Cameron, M. Fitch, H. Polatajko (2020). "Living in autistic bodies: bloggers discuss movement control and arousal regulation". Disability and Rehabilitation 43. doi:10.1080/09638288.2020.1729872
-
G. Williams*, T. Wharton, C. Jagoe (2021). "Mutual (Mis)understanding: Reframing Autistic Pragmatic 'Impairments' Using Relevance Theory". Frontiers in Psychology 12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.616664
-
G. Williams* (2020). "From anonymous subject to engaged stakeholder: Enriching participant experience in autistic-language-use research". Research for All doi:10.31219/osf.io/wa2dr
-
R. Wood (2019). "Autism, intense interests and support in school: from wasted efforts to shared understandings". Educational Review 73. doi:10.1080/00131911.2019.1566213
-
M. Yergeau, B. Huebner (2017). "Minding Theory of Mind". Journal of Social Philosophy 48. doi:10.1111/JOSP.12191
-
M. Šimleša, J. Guegan, E. Blanchard, F. Tarpin-Bernard, S. Buisine (2018). "The Flow Engine Framework: A Cognitive Model of Optimal Human Experience". Europe's Journal of Psychology 14. doi:10.5964/ejop.v14i1.1370
Envie de Synthésiter/Commenter/Traduire cette référence?