'L'autisme est l'arène et le TOC est le lion' : expériences vécues par des adultes autistes ayant des troubles obsessionnels compulsifs et des comportements et intérêts restreints et répétitifs
Ajouté le 20/06/2024
Article de revue du type Recherche scientifique ( ; anglais)
Les comportements et intérêts répétitifs sont une caractéristique distinctive de l’autisme. Il est très fréquent que les personnes autistes connaissent des problèmes de santé mentale, comme le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif. Des recherches antérieures ont étudié les similitudes et les différences entre les symptômes du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif et les comportements répétitifs dans l'autisme au moyen de questionnaires et d'études d'observation. Il s'agit de la première étude à interroger des adultes autistes sur leurs expériences personnelles de différenciation entre les symptômes du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif et les comportements répétitifs liés à l'autisme. Nous avons interrogé 15 adultes autistes présentant des symptômes de trouble obsessionnel-compulsif. Nous avons enregistré ces entretiens et les avons soigneusement analysés pour trouver des thèmes. Nous avons trouvé quelques différences entre les comportements répétitifs et le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif. Les participants ont déclaré que les comportements répétitifs font partie de qui ils sont et de ce qu’ils veulent faire, alors que les symptômes du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif entrent en conflit avec la façon dont ils se perçoivent. On dit que le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif provoque des émotions négatives, tandis que les participants ont déclaré ressentir de nombreuses émotions différentes lorsqu'ils adoptaient des comportements répétitifs. Une similitude signalée par les participants était d'essayer de s'empêcher de présenter des symptômes de trouble obsessionnel-compulsif et des comportements répétitifs que d'autres personnes peuvent voir. Il existe également un chevauchement entre le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif et les comportements répétitifs. Les participants ont parlé d'expériences où le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif prenait le pas sur les routines et les rendait plus intenses et négatives. De plus, les intérêts particuliers des participants étaient parfois liés aux obsessions qu'ils éprouvaient. Nous concluons que les cliniciens peuvent utiliser ces résultats pour étayer les conversations avec les clients autistes afin de faire la différence entre les comportements répétitifs et les symptômes du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif. Nous pensons également que des recherches plus approfondies sur la manière dont les symptômes du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif pourraient être cachés par les personnes autistes et au développement typique sont nécessaires.
Repetitive behaviours and interests are a hallmark feature of autism. It is very common for autistic people to experience mental health difficulties, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder. Previous research has investigated similarities and differences between obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and repetitive behaviours in autism through questionnaires and observation studies. This is the first study to interview autistic adults about their personal experiences of differentiating between obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and repetitive behaviours related to autism. We interviewed 15 autistic adults who experience obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. We recorded these interviews and carefully analysed these to find themes. We found some differences between repetitive behaviours and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Participants said repetitive behaviours are part of who they are and what they want to be doing, whereas obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms conflicted with how they view themselves. Obsessive-compulsive disorder was said to cause negative emotions, while participants said they experience lots of different emotions when doing repetitive behaviours. A similarity participants reported was trying to stop themselves from doing obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms and repetitive behaviours that other people can see. There was also overlap between obsessive-compulsive disorder and repetitive behaviours. Participants talked about experiences when obsessive-compulsive disorder would take over routines and make them feel more intense and negative. Also, participants' special interests were sometimes connected to the obsessions they experienced. We conclude that clinicians can use these findings to support conversations with autistic clients in differentiating between repetitive behaviours and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. We also think that further research investigating how obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms might be hidden by autistic and typically developing people is needed.
Pour information:
(1) les références en bleu sont des ressources référencées sur notre site;
(2) les auteur·rices repris dans cette bibliographie dont le nom est en couleur ont publié d'autres ressources référencées sur le site. Cliquer sur le nom permet de voir la listes des ressources publiées et partagées sur le site;
(3) les auteur·rices dont le nom est suivi d'une astérisque ont publiquement divulgué être autistes. [En savoir plus sur cette mention]
-
S. Bedford, M. Hunsche, C. Kerns (2020). "Co-occurrence, Assessment and Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder". Current Psychiatry Reports 22. doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01176-x
-
M. Botha* (2021). "Critical realism, community psychology, and the curious case of autism: A philosophy and practice of science with social justice in mind.". Journal of community psychology doi:10.1002/jcop.22764
-
V. Braun, V. Clarke (2022). "Toward good practice in thematic analysis: Avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher.". International journal of transgender health doi:10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597
-
V. Braun, V. Clarke (2013). "Teaching thematic analysis: Overcoming challenges and developing strategies for effective learning." The Psychologist, 26(2), doi:10.53841/bpspsych.2013.26.2.120
-
V. Braun, V. Clarke (2019). "To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales." Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13(2), doi:10.1080/2159676X.2019.1704846
-
V. Braun, V. Clarke (2022). Thematic analysis: A practical guide. Sage.
-
T. Cadman, D. Spain, P. Johnston, A. Russell, D. Mataix-Cols, M. Craig, Q. Deeley, D. Robertson, C. Murphy, N. Gillan, C. Wilson, M. Mendez, C. Ecker, E. Daly, J. Findon, K. Glaser, J. Henty, F. Happé, D. Murphy (2015). "Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder in Adults with High‐Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Does Self‐Report with the OCI‐R Tell Us?". Autism Research 8. doi:10.1002/aur.1461
-
E. Coimbra-Gomes (2020). "Ego-dystonic stance-taking in sexual orientation obsessive-compulsive disorder (SO-OCD)". Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 27. doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100576
-
E. Collis, J. Gavin, A. Russell, M. Brosnan (2022). "Autistic adults' experience of restricted repetitive behaviours". Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101895
-
S. J. Elliott, D. Marshall, K. Morley, E. Uphoff, M. Kumar, N. Meader (2021). "Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 9, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013173.pub2
-
O. Flygare, E. Andersson, H. Ringberg, A. Hellstadius, J. Edbacken, J. Enander, M. Dahl, K. Aspvall, I. Windh, A. Russell, D. Mataix-Cols, C. Rück (2018). "Adapted cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder: A clinical effectiveness study". Autism 24. doi:10.1177/1362361319856974
-
E. Foa, J. Huppert, S. Leiberg, R. Langner, R. Kichic, G. Hajcak, P. Salkovskis (2002). "The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: development and validation of a short version.". Psychological assessment doi:10.1037/1040-3590.14.4.485
-
K. Frost, K. Bailey, B. Ingersoll (2019). "'I Just Want Them to See Me As…Me': Identity, Community, and Disclosure Practices Among College Students on the Autism Spectrum.". Autism in adulthood : challenges and management doi:10.1089/aut.2018.0057
-
Y. Goldfarb, O. Zafrani, D. Hedley, M. Yaari, E. Gal (2021). "Autistic adults' subjective experiences of hoarding and self-injurious behaviors". Autism 25. doi:10.1177/1362361321992640
-
C. Huggins, G. Donnan, I. Cameron, J. Williams (2020). "Emotional self-awareness in autism: A meta-analysis of group differences and developmental effects". Autism 25. doi:10.1177/1362361320964306
-
M. Kourti (2021). "A Critical Realist Approach on Autism: Ontological and Epistemological Implications for Knowledge Production in Autism Research". Frontiers in Psychology 12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713423
-
I. Manor-Binyamini, M. Schreiber-Divon (2019). "Repetitive behaviors: Listening to the voice of people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder". Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders doi:10.1016/J.RASD.2019.04.001
-
A. Martin, A. Jassi, A. Cullen, M. Broadbent, J. Downs, G. Krebs (2020). "Co-occurring obsessive–compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder in young people: prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes". European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 29. doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01478-8
-
S. Meier, L. Petersen, D. Schendel, M. Mattheisen, P. Mortensen, O. Mors (2015). "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Longitudinal and Offspring Risk". PLoS ONE 10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141703
-
D. Miller, J. Rees, A. Pearson* (2021). "'Masking Is Life': Experiences of Masking in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults.". Autism in adulthood : challenges and management doi:10.1089/AUT.2020.0083
-
P. Morgado, D. Freitas, J. Bessa, N. Sousa, J. Cerqueira (2013). "Perceived Stress in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder is Related with Obsessive but Not Compulsive Symptoms". Frontiers in Psychiatry 4. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00021
-
K. Murray, A. Jassi, D. Mataix-Cols, F. Barrow, G. Krebs (2015). "Outcomes of cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive–compulsive disorder in young people with and without autism spectrum disorders: A case controlled study". Psychiatry Research 228. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.012
-
F. Murray* (2019). "Me and monotropism." Psychologist, 32, doi:10.53841/bpspsych.2019.32.44
-
B. Nowell, K. Albrecht (2018). "A Reviewer's Guide to Qualitative Rigor". Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory doi:10.1093/JOPART/MUY052
-
A. Pearson*, K. Rose (2020). "A Conceptual Analysis of Autistic Masking: Understanding the Narrative of Stigma and the Illusion of Choice.". Autism in adulthood : challenges and management doi:10.31219/osf.io/6rwa5
-
V. Preedy, R. Watson (2010). "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders". doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78665-0_5485
-
A. Russell, A. Jassi, M. Fullana, H. Mack, K. Johnston, I. Heyman, D. Murphy, D. Mataix-Cols (2013). "COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY FOR COMORBID OBSESSIVE‐COMPULSIVE DISORDER IN HIGH‐FUNCTIONING AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL". Depression and Anxiety 30. doi:10.1002/da.22053
-
A. Russell, D. Mataix-Cols, M. Anson, D. Murphy (2005). "Obsessions and compulsions in Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism.". The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science 186. doi:10.1192/BJP.186.6.525
-
A. J. Russell, A. Jassi, K. Johnston (2019). OCD and autism: A clinician’s guide to adapting CBT. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
-
L. Ruzzano, D. Borsboom, H. Geurts (2014). "Repetitive Behaviors in Autism and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: New Perspectives from a Network Analysis". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 45. doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2204-9
-
L. Scahill, S. Challa (2016). "Repetitive behaviour in children with autism spectrum disorder: Similarities and differences with obsessive-compulsive disorder." In M. L. Mazzone, B. Vitiello (Eds.), Psychiatric symptoms and comorbidities in autism spectrum disorder. Springer.
-
I. Schneid, A. Raz (2020). "The mask of autism: Social camouflaging and impression management as coping/normalization from the perspectives of autistic adults.". Social science & medicine 248. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112826
-
D. Spain, E. Zıvralı Yarar, F. Happé (2020). "Social anxiety in adults with autism: a qualitative study". International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being 15. doi:10.1080/17482631.2020.1803669
-
V. Starcevic, D. Berle, V. Brakoulias, P. Sammut, K. Moses, D. Milicevic, A. Hannan (2011). "Functions of Compulsions in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 45. doi:10.3109/00048674.2011.567243
-
L. Summerfeldt, P. Kloosterman, M. Antony, R. Swinson (2014). "Examining an obsessive-compulsive core dimensions model: Structural validity of harm avoidance and incompleteness.". Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 3. doi:10.1016/J.JOCRD.2014.01.003
-
L. Turner-Brown*, K. Lam, T. Holtzclaw, G. Dichter, J. Bodfish (2011). "Phenomenology and measurement of circumscribed interests in autism spectrum disorders". Autism 15. doi:10.1177/1362361310386507
-
Z. Williams*, E. Suzman, S. Bordman, J. Markfeld, S. Kaiser, K. Dunham, A. Zoltowski, M. Failla, C. Cascio, T. Woynaroski (2022). "Characterizing Interoceptive Differences in Autism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Case–control Studies". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 53. doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05656-2
-
M. Williams, S. Farris, E. Turkheimer, A. Pinto, K. Ozanick, M. Franklin, M. Liebowitz, H. Simpson, E. Foa (2011). "Myth of the pure obsessional type in obsessive–compulsive disorder". Depression and Anxiety 28. doi:10.1002/da.20820
-
F. Zandt, M. Prior, M. Kyrios (2007). "Repetitive Behaviour in Children with High Functioning Autism and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 37. doi:10.1007/S10803-006-0158-2
-
J. Zeidan, E. Fombonne, J. Scorah, A. Ibrahim, M. Durkin, S. Saxena, A. Yusuf, A. Shih, M. Elsabbagh (2022). "Global prevalence of autism: A systematic review update". Autism Research 15. doi:10.1002/aur.2696
Envie de Synthésiter/Commenter/Traduire cette référence?